Influencia del fenómeno "El Niño" en el estrecho Bransfield, Antártica, durante junio de 1998
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Date
1998
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Abstract
Se presentan evidencias con datos ambientales y de distribución de fauna obtenidos durante junio de 1998 y se comparan con junio de 1996, para señalar que posiblemente la influencia del fenómeno "EI Niño 1997/1998" se habría manifestado en la Antártica hasta fines de otoño de 1998. Se analizan y comparan la distribución geográfica de la Convergencia Antártica en esas fechas, temperatura del aire, temperatura superficial del mar, la extensión y calidad del hielo marino y la distribución de la fauna, durante las navegaciones desde Punta Arenas hasta la Antártica. Se concluye que los cambios ambientales registrados y las diferencias en la distribución y número de algunas especies de mamíferos y de aves marinas en ambas Campañas de Invierno, estarían indicando la presencia de anomalías térmicas positivas y diferencias en la distribución de la fauna como consecuencia de la posible influencia del fenómeno "El Niño".
The influence of "EI Niño" phenomenon 1997/1998, which would have been possible evidenced in Antarctic waters untill the late Autumn 1998, it is shown through environmental data and fauna distribution during June 1998. They are complared to those obtained during June 1996. The geographical distribution of the Antarctic Convergence in those seasons, as well as air temperature, superficial sea water temperature, extension and quality of sea ice, and the distribution of seabirds and marine mammals recorded during the track from Punta Arenas to Antarctica are analized and compared. The environmental changes recorded and the differences in number and distribution of seabirds and marine mammals during both Antarctica expeditions, let us conclude that the presence of positive anomalous temperatures and differences in the distribution of fauna, was a possible consequence of the influence of «El Niño» phenomenon.
The influence of "EI Niño" phenomenon 1997/1998, which would have been possible evidenced in Antarctic waters untill the late Autumn 1998, it is shown through environmental data and fauna distribution during June 1998. They are complared to those obtained during June 1996. The geographical distribution of the Antarctic Convergence in those seasons, as well as air temperature, superficial sea water temperature, extension and quality of sea ice, and the distribution of seabirds and marine mammals recorded during the track from Punta Arenas to Antarctica are analized and compared. The environmental changes recorded and the differences in number and distribution of seabirds and marine mammals during both Antarctica expeditions, let us conclude that the presence of positive anomalous temperatures and differences in the distribution of fauna, was a possible consequence of the influence of «El Niño» phenomenon.
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Keywords
Mamíferos marinos, Aves marinas, Fenómeno "El niño"
Citation
Serie Científica, nº 48, pp. 161-184, 1998