El Lobo Fino Antártico, Arctocephalus gazella (Peters), en el Sector Antártico Chileno (Pinnipedia - Otariidae)
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Date
1977
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Abstract
Bajo el auspicio del Instituto Antártico Chileno, de la Universidad de Chile y del Ministerio de Agricultura, y con la cooperación de la Armada Nacional hemos podido realizar censos del Lobo Fino Antártico, Arctocephalus gazella, en todo el litoral de las islas Shetland del Sur y en algunas regiones de la costa occidental de la Península Antártica, durante las temporadas de verano de los años 1965-66 y 1972-73.
El número total de Lobos Finos observados en nuestro último censo (1972-73) fue de 4.383 animales,
distribuidos principalmente en las islas Livingston, Low y Rey Jorge (islas Shetland del Sur) y en las islas
Lajarte (costa norte de la isla Anvers, Península Antártica). Las islas Piloto Pardo (islas Elefante, Clarence
y Cornwallis) no pudieron ser censadas en esta temporada, sin embargo el número estimado de A. gazella para estas islas fue de 3.000 animales. En el cuadro 1 se indica el número de Lobos Finos observados en el Sector Antártico Chileno desde la temporada , de verano de 1901 -02 hasta la temporada de 1972-73. Se estimó que, durante la última, temporada, el número total de A . gazella en las islas Shetland del Sur fue de unos 6.000 a 7.000 animales. Se entregan breves antecedentes históricos y taxonómicos de la especie, y algunos datos biológicos. Se dan también datos que extienden la distribución austral de A. gazella hasta los 64° 20' Sur. Se hace notar la importancia de los Eufáusidos y se acepta explicar la recolonización por A. gazella de las islas Shetland del Sur y de la costa occidental de la Península Antártica, por la hipótesis que expresa que la disminución de las poblaciones de Ballenas de Barbas, debido a la sobrecaza antártica, habría dejado una mayor cantidad de alimento disponible (Eufáusidos) para esta especie.
Under the aegies of the Instituto Antártico Chileno, Universidad de Chile, and the Ministerio de Agricultura, and with the cooperation of the Armada de Chile, we made censuses of the Antarctic Fur Seal, Arctocephalus gazella , along the entire litoral of the South Shetland Island and in some coastal regions of the west Coast of the Antarctic Peninsula, during the summer seasons of 1965 -66 and 1972-73. The total number of Fur Seals observed in our last census (1972-73) was of about 4.383 animals . distributed mainly on Livingston. Low and King George Islands (South Shetland) and on the Lajarte Islands (North Coast of the Anvers Island , Antarctic Peninsula). The Piloto Pardo Islands (Elephant, Clarence and Cornwallis ) were not included in this season's census, however, the number of A. gazella on these lslands was estimated of about 3.000 animals. The number of Fur Seals observed in the Chilean Antarctic Sector from the summer season 1901 -02 to the summer season 1972-73 , is summarized. The estimated total number of A. gazella in the South Shetland Islands was of about 6.000-7.000 animals for the last season. Given also are a brief account of the history of the species, its taxonomy and some data on reproduction and diet. Data are also presented which extend the Southern distribution of A. gazella to 64° 20' S. The importance of the euphausiids is noted and may explain the recent colonization by A. gazella of the South Shetland Islands and the West Coast of the Antarctic Peninsula. From this, we accept the hypothesis that the decline in Baleen Whale stocks from Antarctic over-whaling has made more food (euphausiidskrill) available and this led to expansion of the population and range of A. gazella .
Under the aegies of the Instituto Antártico Chileno, Universidad de Chile, and the Ministerio de Agricultura, and with the cooperation of the Armada de Chile, we made censuses of the Antarctic Fur Seal, Arctocephalus gazella , along the entire litoral of the South Shetland Island and in some coastal regions of the west Coast of the Antarctic Peninsula, during the summer seasons of 1965 -66 and 1972-73. The total number of Fur Seals observed in our last census (1972-73) was of about 4.383 animals . distributed mainly on Livingston. Low and King George Islands (South Shetland) and on the Lajarte Islands (North Coast of the Anvers Island , Antarctic Peninsula). The Piloto Pardo Islands (Elephant, Clarence and Cornwallis ) were not included in this season's census, however, the number of A. gazella on these lslands was estimated of about 3.000 animals. The number of Fur Seals observed in the Chilean Antarctic Sector from the summer season 1901 -02 to the summer season 1972-73 , is summarized. The estimated total number of A. gazella in the South Shetland Islands was of about 6.000-7.000 animals for the last season. Given also are a brief account of the history of the species, its taxonomy and some data on reproduction and diet. Data are also presented which extend the Southern distribution of A. gazella to 64° 20' S. The importance of the euphausiids is noted and may explain the recent colonization by A. gazella of the South Shetland Islands and the West Coast of the Antarctic Peninsula. From this, we accept the hypothesis that the decline in Baleen Whale stocks from Antarctic over-whaling has made more food (euphausiidskrill) available and this led to expansion of the population and range of A. gazella .
Description
Keywords
Lobo Fino Antártico, Arctocephalus gazella
Citation
Serie Científica, Vol. 5, nº 1, pp. 5-16, 1977