Macroalgas marinas antárticas: distribución, abundancia y necromasa en isla Rey Jorge, ShetIand del Sur, Antártica
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Date
1992
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Abstract
El presente trabajo entrega antecedentes sobre la estructura y composición de macroalgas marinas en la isla Rey Jorge, Shetland del Sur. El estudio se llevó a cabo entre 1986 y 1989 en la zona inter-submareal. Al mismo tiempo, se realizaron determinaciones de necromasa de algas en arribazones. Los componentes algales más importantes en la zona intermareal corresponden a algas verdes filamentosas tales como Urospora penicilliformis (Roth) Aresch. y Enteromorpha bulbosa (Suhr) Mont. En el nivel mesomareal superior destaca Porphyra endiviifolium (A. y E.S. Gepp) Chamb., que se encuentra restringida a grietas entre los roqueríos. La presencia de pozas intermareales en el mesomareal inferior extiende el límite superior de distribución de algunas especies submareales tales como Leptosomia simplex (A. y E.S. Gepp) Kylin e lridaea obovata Kutzing. En la zona submareal, en tanto, el sustrato está dominado por Himantothallus grandifolius (A. y E.S. Gepp) Moe y Silva, el cual aporta sobre el 80% de la biomasa total; sin embargo, en las evaluaciones de necromasa, su incidencia es nula. En general, gran parte de la necromasa cuantificada en las arribazones, estuvo constituida por especies que habitan entre 0 y 5 m de profundidad, especialmente L. simplex e I, obovata. El esquema zonacional descrito en isla Rey Jorge, así como los resultados de necromasa, parecen indicar una fuerte relación entre las características morfológicas de las algas y su grado de susceptibilidad ante disturbios ambientales generados ya sea por el oleaje o por los hielos.
lnformation on the structure and composition of marine macroalgae in King George Island, South Shetland, is reported. Data are based on a study conducted between 1986 and 1989. Intertidal and subtidal zonations, as well as necromass measurements were performed. The most important algal components in the intertidal zone were the filamentous green algae Urospora penicilliformis (Roth) Aresch, and Enteromorpha bulbosa (Surh) Mont. The upper intertidal level was characterized by the presence of Porphyra endiviifolium (A. and E.S. Gepp) Chamb., which was restricted to the rocky crevices. The existence ofintertidal pools in the lower midlittoral zone extends the upper distributional limits of some subtidal species, in particular Leptosomia simplex (A. and E.S. Gepp) Kylin and Iridaea obovata Kutzing. In subtidal habitat, the algal assemblage was dominated by Himantothallus grandifolius (A. and E.S. Gepp) Moe and Silva, which account over 80% of the total biomass. However, in studies on necromass of drifted algae, the incidence of this species was low. In general, most of the algal debris deposits was constituted by species that inhabitat between 0 m and 5 m in depth, mainly L. simplex and 1. obovata. Both zonalional and necromass studies, seem to indicate a strong relationship between the algal morphology and its degree of susceptibility to environmental perturbations, which can be generated by wave action or ice scouring.
lnformation on the structure and composition of marine macroalgae in King George Island, South Shetland, is reported. Data are based on a study conducted between 1986 and 1989. Intertidal and subtidal zonations, as well as necromass measurements were performed. The most important algal components in the intertidal zone were the filamentous green algae Urospora penicilliformis (Roth) Aresch, and Enteromorpha bulbosa (Surh) Mont. The upper intertidal level was characterized by the presence of Porphyra endiviifolium (A. and E.S. Gepp) Chamb., which was restricted to the rocky crevices. The existence ofintertidal pools in the lower midlittoral zone extends the upper distributional limits of some subtidal species, in particular Leptosomia simplex (A. and E.S. Gepp) Kylin and Iridaea obovata Kutzing. In subtidal habitat, the algal assemblage was dominated by Himantothallus grandifolius (A. and E.S. Gepp) Moe and Silva, which account over 80% of the total biomass. However, in studies on necromass of drifted algae, the incidence of this species was low. In general, most of the algal debris deposits was constituted by species that inhabitat between 0 m and 5 m in depth, mainly L. simplex and 1. obovata. Both zonalional and necromass studies, seem to indicate a strong relationship between the algal morphology and its degree of susceptibility to environmental perturbations, which can be generated by wave action or ice scouring.
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Keywords
Macroalgas, Necromasa
Citation
Serie Científica, nº 42, pp. 21-34, 1992